• Cloud Development Basics
• Common Pitfalls
• Common Cloud Vulnerabilities

• Business Requirements
• Phases and Methodologies

• Functional Testing
• Security Testing Methodologies

• Approved Application Programming Interfaces (API)
• Supply-chain Management
• Third Party Software Management
• Validated Open Source Software

• Supplemental Security components (e.g., Web Application Firewall (WAF), Database Activity Monitoring (DAM), Extensible Markup Language (XML)firewalls, Application Programming Interface (API) gateway)
• Cryptography
• Sandboxing
• Application Virtualization and Orchestration

• Federated Identity
• Identity Providers
• Single Sign-On (SSO)
• Multi-factor Authentication
• Cloud Access Security Broker (CASB)

• Physical Environment
• Network and Communications
• Compute
• Virtualization

• Risk Assessment and Analysis
• Cloud Vulnerabilities, Threats and Attacks
• Virtualization Risks
• Counter-measure Strategies

• Physical and Environmental Protection(e.g., on-premise)
• System and Communication Protection
• Virtualization Systems Protection
• Identification, Authentication and Authorization in Cloud Infrastructure
• Audit Mechanisms (e.g., log collection, packet capture)

• Risks Related to the Cloud Environment
• Business Requirements (e.g., Recovery Time Objective (RTO), Recovery Point Objective (RPO), Recovery Service Level (RSL))
• Business Continuity/Disaster Recovery Strategy
• Creation, Implementation and Testing of Plan

• Cloud Data Life Cycle Phases
• Data Dispersion

• Storage Types (e.g. long term, ephemeral, raw-disk)
• Threats to Storage Types

• Encryption and Key Management
• Hashing
• Masking
• Tokenization

• Structured Data
• Unstructured Data

• Mapping
• Labeling
• Sensitive data (e.g., Protected Health Information (PHI), Personally Identifiable Information (PII), card holder data)
• Data Loss Prevention (DLP)
• Data Obfuscation
• Data De-identification (e.g., anonymization)

• Objectives (e.g., data rights, provisioning, access models)
• Appropriate Tools (e.g., issuing and revocation of certificates)

• Data Retention Policies
• Data Deletion Procedures and Mechanisms
• Data Archiving Procedures and Mechanisms
• Legal Hold

• Definition of Event Sources and Requirement of Identity Attribution
• Logging, Storage and Analysis of Data Events
• Chain of Custody and Non-repudiation

• Cloud Computing Definitions
• Cloud Computing Roles (e.g., cloud service customer, cloud service provider, cloud service partner, cloud service broker)
• Key Cloud Computing Characteristics (e.g., on-demand self-service, broad network access, multi-tenancy, rapid elasticity and scalability, resource pooling, measured service)
• Building Block Technologies (e.g., virtualization, storage, networking, databases, orchestration)

• Cloud Computing Activities
• Cloud Service Capabilities (e.g., application capability types, platform capability types, infrastructure capability types)
• Cloud Service Categories (e.g., Software as a Service (SaaS), Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), and Platform as a Service (PaaS))
• Cloud Deployment Models (e.g., public, private, hybrid, community)
• Cloud Shared Considerations (e.g., interoperability, portability, reversibility, availability, security, privacy, resiliency, performance, governance, maintenance and versioning, service levels and Service Level Agreements (SL A), auditability, regulatory)
• Impact of Related Technologies (e.g., machine learning, artificial intelligence

• Cryptography and Key Management
• Access Control
• Data and Media Sanitization (e.g., overwriting, cryptographic erase)
• Network Security (e.g., network security groups)
• Virtualization Security (e.g., hypervisor security, container security)
• Common Threats

• Cloud Secure Data Lifecycle
• Cloud based Disaster Recovery (DR) and Business Continuity (B C) planning
• Cost Benefit Analysis
• Functional Security Requirements (e.g., portability, interoperability, vendor lock-in)
• Security Considerations for Different Cloud Categories (e.g., Software as a Service

        (SaaS), Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS))

• Verification Against Criteria(e.g., International Organization for Standardization/

International Electro technical Commission (ISO/IEC) 27017, Payment Card Industry

Data Security Standard (PCI DSS))

• System/subsystem Product Certifications (e.g., Common Criteria (CC), Federal

Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 140-2)

Network component roles
Network topologies Architecture
Interface vs cable types
Interface & cable issues
TCP vs UDP
Set up and test IPv4 addressing &subnetting
Why private IPv4 addresses?
Check IPv6 addresses and prefixes
IPV6 variants
Wireless concepts
Virtualization & switching concepts.

VLAN’s Configuration.
Internet Connectivity verification
Layer 2 discovery protocols
Layer 2/3 Ether Channel setup
PVST+ Spanning Tree Protocol basics
Cisco Wireless Architectures vs AP Modes
AP and WLC MANAGEMENT access connections
WLAN component infrastructure connections
Wireless LAN client configuration.

Routing table Components
How routers forward by default?
How to Check IPv4/IPv6 static routing?
Single-area verification OSPFv2
First-hop redundancy.

NTP operating in a client and server Mode.
What is NAT? Configuration & verification of NAT using static and pools.
Network DHCP and DNS roles
SNMP Functions
Syslog features and levels
DHCP client/relay
Forwarding per-hop behavior (PHB)
Remote SSH network device configuration
TFTP/FTP network functions.

Define Security principles
Security program elements
How to Set device passwords locally?
Security password policies elements
Site-to-site VPNsand remote access
How to Configure Layer 2 security features?
Authentication vs Authorization vs accounting?
Wireless security protocols
Install WLAN with WPA2
Install PSK with GUI.

• Define key security concepts (threats, vulnerabilities, exploits, and MITIGATION tech- niques)
• Describe security program ELEMENTS (user awareness, training, and physical access control)
• Configure device access control using local passwords
• Describe security password policies ELEMENTS, such as MANAGEMENT, Complexity, and password alternatives (Multifactor authentication, certificates, and Biometrics)
• Describe remote access and site-to-site VPNs
• Configure and verify access control lists
• Configure Layer 2 security features (DHCP snooping, DYNAMIC ARP inspection, and port security)
• Differentiate authentication, authorization, and accounting concepts
• Describe wireless security protocols (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3)
• Configure WLAN using WPA2 PSK using the GUI