Quality Assurance Interview Questions and Answers
Quality assurance is essential for any firm that wants to provide goods or services that meet or exceed customers’ expectations; it entails systematically monitoring, measuring, analysing, and improving processes, goods, and services to ensure that they fulfil predetermined criteria and standards.
1. What is Quality Assurance?
Quality assurance is a systematic effort to maintain satisfactory performance; it involves defining the goals, measuring the current services, analysing the data, improving the service, and controlling the process.
It is essential for maintaining a satisfactory performance and ensuring that the quality of the product is supported.
2. What is the primary responsibility of a QA specialist?
The primary responsibility of a QA specialist is to understand the requirements, gather any doubts or questions regarding the requirements, and obtain clarification from business analysts or customers.
They also plan and schedule tests, create test scenarios and test cases, conduct testing, identify defects or problem areas, and report them to the developers.
3. What is the difference between quality assurance and quality control?
Quality assurance and quality control are often used interchangeably, but they differ. Quality assurance is a systematic effort to maintain satisfactory performance.
Quality control is the process of ensuring that the product meets the desired standards. Quality control is a part of quality assurance.
4. What is the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?
The Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a process model that defines the stages involved in software development, and it includes planning, designing, coding, testing, deploying, and maintaining the software.
5. What is the role of a Quality Assurance (QA) tester?
A Quality Assurance (QA) tester is responsible for improving the quality of a product or process by identifying and preventing defects; their role includes developing a test plan, ensuring that testing goes according to the plan, and working on a test environment that is ready before the testing work starts.
They should also be able to identify problems, measure data, and verify results to ensure that the product or process meets the required standards.
6. What is regression testing?
Regression testing is performed when changes are made to the software to ensure that they do not affect its existing functionality.
It involves testing the previously working features to ensure they still function as
7. What is the role of a QA in agile software development?
In agile software development, the role of a QA is to ensure that the software meets the requirements and is delivered on time.
They work closely with the development team to plan and execute tests, identify defects, and ensure they are fixed before the software is delivered to the customer.
8. How does automation testing help in software development?
Automation testing helps in software development by reducing the time and effort required for manual testing.
It can be run repeatedly to ensure the software functions as expected and that any changes do not affect its functionality and, also helps to identify defects earlier in the testing process, reducing the time and effort required for manual testing.
9. What is quality assurance in software development?
Quality assurance is a crucial aspect of software development that ensures the end product is high quality.
10. Why is quality assurance necessary in software development?
Quality assurance is essential in software development as it helps identify and fix issues before they become more prominent, reducing the cost of repairing the software.
A good quality product builds an organisation’s reputation and customer trust, helping to develop the business in the software industry and reducing the risk of software failure.
11. What is the future of quality assurance in software development?
The scope of quality assurance in the future is expanding due to the increasing complexity of applications and the accessibility of these applications on handheld devices; this has led to an increase in job openings for quality assurance professionals.
12. What is the MVP?
MVP isa minimum viable product, a concept introduced by Agile; the team can deliver something with minimum functionality and prove that the program works.
The direction of the product can be adjusted if needed, and the MVP is out; the startup can potentially receive more money from investors or see how it will respond to customers or stakeholders.
13. What are some branches of agile?
There are various branches of agile, such as scramble, shift right, shift left, and other approaches; these all share the core idea of continuous incremental improvement through small and frequent releases.
14. How does agile work?
Agile does not work on a complete product in one large cycle like a waterfall but instead has small feature cycles; these iterations start with Epic, which includes multiple stories within it that describe the behaviour of what a feature should do.
Once the development is done, testers test it, it is deployed, and a review of the sprint of the development cycle for the set of features is conducted.
15. What is agile development methodology?
Agile is a software development methodology that emphasises continuous improvement and adaptability.
It allows for high levels of communication between business and development teams, with frequent conversations happening on platforms like Slack and emails.
16. What are some advantages of using agile methodology?
Some advantages of using agile methodology include maintaining customer satisfaction as a critical indicator of product success, adaptability to unexpected changes in market challenges, and continuous improvement of products.
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Quality Assurance (QA) is responsible for testing, ensuring requirements make sense, opening bugs, and delivering quality software.
They provide opinions on tasks, testing, and verification methods, providing visibility for developers to look out for when building.
18. What is Scrum development methodology?
Scrum is a small, team-based approach to software development that emphasizes high performance and the speed of feature delivery.
It is a popular development methodology that focuses on collaborative work and daily communication between team members.
The Scrum Master facilitates the process, and daily stand-ups provide a platform for team members to report on their progress and address any blockers.
19. What is the process of creating a sprint and adding stories?
The process of creating a sprint and adding stories involves a careful assessment of the complexity of the stories and their implementation, and the sprint is successful and that the team remains focused on completing the project.
20. What is acceptance testing?
Acceptance testing is a common type of testing that ensures features are implemented according to business requirements; it involves verifying the story and ensuring it meets the acceptance criteria.
21. What is shift left and shift right development methodologies?
Shift left and shift right methodologies are two approaches to test coverage in software development, shift left focuses on moving testing activities closer to development and emphasising problem prevention, with a focus on early test planning.
Shift right focuses more on production post-production maintenance.
22. What is Behaviour-driven Development (BDD)?
Behaviour-driven Development (BDD) is a framework that focuses on describing functionality in plain English and building it around it.
23. What are the downsides of Scrum?
One downside of Scrum is the risk of stories not making it into the next sprint or needing to be completed on time; this can lead to a lack of proper release due to incomplete functionality.
Another downside is that there may be a snowball of unfinished work before the release, leading to a lack of proper release due to incomplete functionality.
24. What are the main types of testing?
The main types of testing include unit testing, topic testing, small tests, integration testing, API testing, and others.
25. What is Feature Flagging in QA?
Feature flagging is an approach that allows you to turn off features immediately if they are broken or not working as expected and, this approach will enable you to release smaller batches and save time for a large build.
26. What is beta testing?
Beta testing is an early version verification process in the production environment, where actual users will use the servers, there are two types of beta testing: close beta, which has a limited number of users, and public beta, which is open to all.
27. What is the difference between Shift Left and Shift Right?
The core difference between shift left and shift right is that shift left focuses on moving testing activities closer to development and emphasising problem prevention, with an emphasis on early test planning.
Shift right focuses on controlled production testing and emphasises testing during the deployment stage after deployment in production during the maintenance stage.
28. Why is early testing coverage essential?
Having much coverage early on in testing is essential to prevent bugs from getting into testing right to ensure smooth testing and avoid issues in production after the release.
It’s important to rule out all bugs before they get to test, ensuring smooth testing and avoiding problems in production after the release.
29. What is shift left testing?
Shift left testing is an approach to testing and production in software development. It emphasises early testing activities and planning before they go to the test environment, even in the development stage.
It involves monitoring logs and transactions in production to ensure no issues with smaller batches, increasing the percentage of users using the new production to 100%.
30. What is shift right testing?
Shift right testing is an approach to testing and production in software development focusing more on production post-production maintenance, such as cannery releases and monitoring the system’s behaviour with the new code.
It involves monitoring production logs for errors, response times, and load handling. It also involves creating automated regression suits in production and testing after deployment.
31. What are the main types of tests performed during QA?
The main types of tests performed during QA depend on the application, customer, end user, and intended audience. There are approximately 100 different types of testing, each with its unique characteristics.
Testing can be categorised into positive, negative, functional, and non-functional categories.
32. What is functional testing?
Functional testing checks against the requirements and is acceptance criteria-based. It includes unit testing, regression integration, user acceptance, and localisation.
33. What are some popular categories of testing in software development?
Some popular software development testing categories include black box, white box, gray box, positive, negative, functional, non-functional, and more.
34. What is API testing?
API testing is a type of testing that focuses on communication between the front end and back end; it is a middle layer that allows different programs to communicate with one another.
35. What is exploratory testing?
Exploratory testing is a type of testing that relies on testers’ experience and bug discovery approach around application functionality.
It involves testing outside the standard testing process, focusing on how the application can be broken and interact differently.
36. What is the waterfall model in QA?
The waterfall Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) model consists of five stages: creating requirements, designing, coding, integration and testing, and operations.
37. What are the advantages of the waterfall model?
Advantages of the waterfall model include being well-planned and documented, having realistic estimates, dates, and contracts in place, and having a stable and ready product once released.
38. What are the disadvantages of the waterfall model?
Disadvantages of the waterfall model include creating mostly monolithic applications, leading to chaos, potential damage, or disadvantages, and the difficulty in updating requirements after development.
39. What is boundary testing?
Boundary testing is a common type of testing that checks boundary values, such as accepted age.
For example, if an application is only allowed by users over 21, it cannot be used by users over 100.
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The profession of quality assurance (QA) is focused on verifying that a product meets specified requirements.
This includes requirements such as what a product should do, how it should be done, how often it should do something, and how much load it can take
41. What are the benefits of QA engineers?
QA engineers ensure that developers’ products meet certain standards and follow certifications; they help identify and fix bugs and issues in the product, ensuring that it meets the customer’s requirements and expectations.
42. What is the software development lifecycle?
The software development lifecycle is the foundation of the approach to software development.
It involves several clearly defined stages, including the planning, design, development, verification, deployment, and maintenance stages.
43. What is the purpose of quality assurance?
Quality assurance is a method of preventing mistakes and defects in manufactured products and ensuring that there are no problems while delivering products or services to customers.
44. What is the PDCA cycle?
The PDCA cycle, or the Deming Cycle, is a structured methodology used in quality assurance, and the phases of this cycle are planned, due, checked, and acted on, which ensures that the organisation’s procedures are assessed and improved regularly.
45. What is accessibility testing?
Accessibility testing is crucial for ensuring the app is inclusive for as many people as possible, including speech recognition, read and system, and extraordinary influence. Web content accessibility guidelines provide specific testing for accessibility.
46. What is a multi-directional testing strategy?
A multi-directional testing strategy is a method of quickly finding various issues by employing a combination of techniques, including unit testing, automation testing, and manual testing.
Developers should build automated unit tests to evaluate the quality of their code and correct any issues that come to light during the testing, then send it to the QA team to be tested; the QA team should either confirm that the code is ready to be tested or return it to the developers for retesting.
47. What is product assurance (PA)?
Product assurance (PA) is a core project responsibility, alongside project management and engineering; it is crucial as a single failure can have disastrous effects on human life, the environment, a gadget, or a mission.
PA has organisational, budgetary, and product development independence, reporting solely to the highest levels of management and having its budget, it is on par with project management, except it emphasises the customer’s perspective.
48. What is the difference between software development or software testing and product assurance?
Software development or testing is a specific aspect of product assurance that focuses on monitoring the software engineering processes and procedures to assure quality.
Product assurance, on the other hand, is a broader concept that includes various aspects of ensuring the quality of a product, including software testing, project.
Choose the correct answers for your better understanding:
49. Which development methodology emphasises continuous improvement and adaptability?
Waterfall
Scrum
Answer: Agile
Kanban
50. Functional testing:
Answer: Tests against requirements and acceptance criteria
Focuses on stability and performance
Focuses on communication between front end and back end
Tests for inclusivity
51. Non-functional testing:
Tests against requirements and acceptance criteria
Answer: Focuses on stability and performance
Focuses on communication between front end and back end
52. What is the primary responsibility of a QA specialist?
Analysing data and improving the service
Defining goals and controlling the process
Conducting testing and identifying defects
Answer: Obtaining clarification from business analysts or customers
53. What is the difference between quality assurance and quality control?
Answer: Quality assurance is a part of quality control
The systematic effort to maintain satisfactory performance
The process of ensuring that the product meets the desired standards
Quality control is an organised effort to improve the quality of the product
Conclusion:
Quality Assurance is essential to meeting customer expectations and delivering goods and services effectively; through numerous strategies and procedures, Quality Assurance helps firms improve performance, minimise mistakes, and increase customer happiness.
Businesses may stay competitive and build a good reputation by monitoring and improving quality.
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