Ethical Hacker interview questions and answers is dedicated to sharing all the latest updates and insights about its technology.

An ethical hacker is a cybersecurity professional who uses their abilities to defend computer networks against unauthorised access and attacks, using knowledge of hacking techniques and vulnerabilities to detect flaws that exist and provide recommendations that enable organizations to stay ahead of potential risks.

1. What is ethical hacking?

Ethical hacking or penetration testing, is an increasingly attractive career option that involves infiltrating systems or networks to identify threats that attackers could exploit to cause data loss, financial losses, or make other changes that have lasting impacts.

2. What are the roles and responsibilities of ethical hackers?

An ethical hacker’s roles and responsibilities typically include scanning open and closed ports using reconnaissance tools like Nessus and Nmap, engaging organization members in social engineering awareness activities, testing patch releases and software updates for security vulnerabilities.

3. What are the technical skills required for an ethical hacker?

An ethical hacker requires knowledge in network traffic sniffing monitoring packets passing through networks using sniffing tools; orchestration of different forms of network and database attacks, orchestrating various kinds of network and database attacks as well as an in-depth knowledge of operating systems.

4. What are the responsibilities of an ethical hacker?

An ethical hacker’s main responsibilities include network traffic monitoring, intrusion detection and prevention techniques, session hijacking knowledge and general networking knowledge.

5. What is a firewall and what is its purpose?

A firewall is a hardware or software firewall used to secure networks by restricting or disallowing connections based on rules created within it.

6. What are the three main types of firewalls?

Three major categories of firewalls are packet filtering, proxy and stateful multilayer rate inspection firewall.

7. What is a VPN and how does it work?

A Virtual Private Network, or VPN for short, provides secure internet connections by creating an encrypted tunnel between an intermediary server and clients on either end, these tunnels enable secure browsing experience by protecting all network traffic that passes between these intermediary nodes.

8. What is multi-factor authentication and why is it necessary?

Multi-factor authentication is a security measure which requires users to provide two or more forms of verification before accessing an account; MFA adds another level of defence against brute-force, dictionary-based, or guessing attacks and provides another line of defence from potential hacking attempts on those accounts that use MFA authentication methods.

9. What are secure passwords and why are they important?

Secure passwords are passwords which are difficult to guess or crack using standard methods; such passwords provide your online accounts and personal data from being compromised by unapproved individuals.

10. How can passwords be made more secure?

Passwords can be strengthened by employing a combination of upper-case letters, numbers and special characters for maximum protection it is also best not to include dictionary words, usernames or personal data such as dates in passwords.

11. What is a specialized firewall and how does it work?

A specialized firewall is a form of security software specifically created to shield devices from attacks or unapproved access, it works by monitoring network traffic for suspicious activity and blocking it, there are two different kinds of host and network-based firewalls; both should be used alongside other forms of safeguards for optimal results.

12. Why are white box attacks important?

White box attacks resemble attacks by an insider, such as when an employee uses access controls improperly to generate unauthorised profits.

The initial phase entails scanning devices for live devices, open ports, processors protocols services.

14. What is SQL injection?

SQL injection refers to structured query language used by most databases or relational databases including MySQL, MSSQL, Oracle SQL and IBM databases where users may unlawfully insert malicious SQL statements and send it back through query methods that communicate to databases directly resulting in audible reactions by the target system.

15. What is spoofing in cybersecurity?

Spoofing refers to an attack technique where an attacker pretends to be someone else by copying their IP address and appearing as an authentic client, with the goal of performing attacks such as ARP Poisoning attacks or becoming a man-in-the middle to monitor conversations between an actual client and server.

16. What is the difference between black-eyed hackers and white-eyed hackers?

Black-eyed hackers typically possess malicious intent when attacking systems by exploiting vulnerabilities to their advantage; white-eyed hackers on the other hand are hired by organizations as legal authority for certain activities and thus don’t carry malicious intentions in their attacks.

17. What are honeypots in cybersecurity?

Honeypots, commonly referred to as decoy servers that simulate vulnerabilities to lure attackers away, serve as deterrents against network breaches by distracting rogue agents through showing some vulnerabilities that will divert their focus away.

18. What is the difference between high-risk and low-risk vulnerabilities?

High-risk vulnerabilities refer to vulnerabilities which, if exploited, could have severe repercussions for instance gaining access to sensitive data or personal information while low-risk vulnerabilities involve security weaknesses with lesser potential exploiting impacts like non-critical systems or less sensitive information.

19. What are the three main types of hackers?

Hackers come in three primary varieties white hat hackers, black hat hackers and grey hat hackers, white hat hackers gain entry to systems for the purpose of fixing identified weaknesses while black hat hackers gain unauthorized entry for personal gain or political agenda purposes.

Grey hat hackers gain entry with permission in order to identify weaknesses on behalf of system owners before leaving with their findings.

20. What is ethical hacking useful for?

Ethical hacking serves many important functions within an organization’s infrastructure; from finding vulnerabilities within computer systems and networks, protecting an organization’s reputation, to mitigating potential financial losses ethical hacking helps safeguard information security while saving costs for financial purposes.

21. What are the three types of security threats?

Security threats come in three varieties physical threats, internal threats and external threats, physical issues could include file corruption, unstable power supplies or malfunctioning systems.

22. What is the importance of learning programming for ethical hacking?

Learning programming enables individuals to identify and exploit vulnerabilities in web apps and web services, automate time-intensive processes to save both money and time, customize existing applications to better suit individual requirements, as well as add methods tailored specifically for them.

23. What programming languages should be learned for ethical hacking?

Unfortunately, no single programming language needs to be learned for ethical hacking; rather it is important to familiarise one example from each type available for instance Html can provide insight into web pages and data entry methods.

24. What is the role of databases in ethical hacking?

Understanding post-ray SQL, no SQL and SQL is integral for ethical hackers as these databases commonly utilize this format, furthermore, having some knowledge of bash scripting could prove helpful as ethical hackers frequently customize tools specifically tailored towards meeting individual requirements.

25. What is Hashcat?

Hashcat is an ethical hacking tool for password cracking that assists users in recovering lost passwords, auditing security or discovering what data resides within hashes, as an open-source platform that supports multiple devices on one system and distributed tracking networks.

26. What is social engineering?

Social engineering refers to the practice of manipulating users to reveal confidential data that may allow an attacker unauthorized entry to computer systems, social engineering involves five distinct phases: collecting information, planning an attack strategy, gathering tools for said plan, conducting it successfully, exploiting weaknesses identified through it all and exploiting any weaknesses discovered using that collected information.

27. What are some common social engineering techniques?

A few effective social engineering strategies include familiarity exploits, intimidating circumstances, fishingactivities and human curiosity as some techniques, familiarization exploits involve an attacker becoming familiar with users on the target system by meeting them during meals or social events; intimidating circumstances involve creating an atmosphere of urgency or threat in an attempt to coerce victims into divulging sensitive data.

28. What are the different types of hackers?

Its Hackers come in different varieties: white-hat hackers, black-hat hackers, grey hat hackers and suicide hackers.

29. What is the difference between white hat hackers and black hat hackers?

White hat hackers gain permission before breaking into computer systems to identify vulnerabilities so malicious individuals don’t, while black hat hackers gain unauthorized entry and gain entry without authorization with an aim of disrupting operations or accessing sensitive information for personal gain.

30.What is the difference between grey hat hackers and suicide hackers?

Grey hat hackers use security vulnerabilities in computer systems or networks without prior consent of the owners in order to bring these weaknesses to their attention and receive payment while suicide hackers, often known as Hacktivists work solely with intent of damaging major corporations and infrastructure as part of an act of vandalism.

31.What are the five major types of hacking?

Hacking encompasses five primary forms, which are computer hacking, password hacking, email hacking, network hacking and website hacking.

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32. Who does an ethical hacker work with the permission of?

The system owner and must comply with the rules of the target organization or owner and the law of the land

Malicious attackers who may exploit vulnerabilities found during testing

System users and stakeholders

The cybersecurity teams

33. What is one of the key skills ethical hackers need to have?

Knowledge of cryptography and cryptanalysis

Skill in network traffic sniffing

Excellent communication skills

Proficiency in programming languages

34. Which of the following is not a type of firewall?

Packet filtering firewall

Proxy firewall

Stateful multi-layer rate, inspection firewall

Visual Private Networks (VPNs)

35. Which of the following is not a common source of malware?

Network connections

Removable media

Malicious advertisements found online

Internet downloads

36. What are the two types of testing when testing infrastructure?

A Black box and white box testing

External and internal testing

Functional and non-functional testing

Security and performance testing

Conclusion

Ethical hacking technology refers to the practice of employing technical skills and knowledge in order to detect and prevent cyber-attacks, vulnerabilities and breaches; specifically focusing on computer systems, networks and applications to find weaknesses so as to enhance security measures and protect sensitive data.